26.11 NATURE OF CARBON OF EARLY DOCAMBREY GRAPHITE DEPOSITS OF THE UKRAINIAN SHIELD

УДК 553.078• ? Issue 26 / 2016 • 120-128 pages

 

M. Yaroshchuk., O. Musych

M. Yaroshchuk, Dr.Sc. (Geol.- Min), leading researcher SI «Institute of Environmental Geochemistry of the NAS of Ukraine» marina_yaroshchuk@meta.ua;
O. Musych Ph.D. (Biology), senior researcher, SI «Institute of Environmental Geochemistry of the NAS of Ukraine» Nad79eva@bygmir.net.

Abstract

The role of abiotic carbon in graphite formation, related to the intense interaction of reduced mantle carbonaceous fluids and the rocks crust and metamorphism of graphite rocks in deep conditions of granulite facies, is substantiated. The main volatile components of magmatic and metamorphic processes – water and carbon dioxide, are separated from the deep interior, penetrating into the earth’s crust in the form of ready-made chemical compounds, products of chemical reactions between hydrogen, hydrocarbons and oxygen, are constantly taking place in the earth’s crust in the process of its development and formation. Water and carbon dioxide as the main components of a mixture of gases released from the great depths of the Earth to the surface and have survived to our time, thanks to its low volatility, and their source (CO2, CO, CH4) is the reaction of ambient carbon (graphite) in mantle rocks with water. The formation of graphite ore deposits of the Ukrainian Shield dedicated to contacts between highly aluminous gneisses and carbonate rocks, can be explained by the interaction of CO2 liberated during calciphyres skarn formation and reduced deep fluids coming in tectonized area of these rocks contacts. High- temperature metamorphism caused recrystallization of fine carbonaceous matter in holocrystalline graphite. These data can be used as a search criterion for opening of the graphite deposits.

 

Key words: graphite, biogenic and abiogenic carbon, carbon’s fluids, metamorphism of graphite’s rocks.

 

Article



Reference

  1. Yacenko. Strukturno-morfologicheskie i geneticheskie tipі grafita na primere mestorozhdeniy Ukrainskogo schita. [Structural and morphological and genetic types of graphite deposits on the example of Ukrainian Shield.] Avt.dissert. na soiskanie uch.stepeni kand.geol.nauk. 1996. Kiev, 24 s [in Russian].
  2. Yaroschuk, A. Vaylo. Rol’ processov granitizacii v obrazovanii toriy-uranovogo orudeneniya mezhblokovih shovnih zon Ukrainskogo schita. [Role granitisation processes in the formation of thorium- uranium mineralization interblock suture zones of the Ukrainian Shield.]Zb. nauk. prac’, 2014, v. 23, s. 179-185 [in Russian].
  3. Orsa. Granitoobrazovanie v dokembrii Srednepridneprovskoy granit-zelenokamennoy oblasti.[ Granite Srednepridneprovsky in the Precambrian granite-greenstone region.] – Kiev: Nauk.dumka, 1988. – 204 s [in Russian].
  4. Zakrutkin. Visokouglerodistie formacii rannego dokembriya evropeyskoy chasti SSSR.[ High-carbon formations of the Early Precambrian of the European part of the SSSR.]//Avt.dokt.dissert., 1982. Moskva, 34 s [in Russian].
  5. Sidorenko, A. Sidorenko. Organicheskoe veschestvo v osadochno-metamorficheskih porodah dokembriya.[ The organic matter in sedimentary- metamorphic rocks of Precambrian.]// M.: Nauka, 1975, 113 s [in Russian].
  6. Snezhko, M. Yaroschuk, A. Vaylo. Rol’ uglerodistogo veschestva v formirovanii zolotorudnih proyavleniy Pobuzhskogo rayona Ukrainskogo schita.[ The role of the carbonaceous material in the formation of gold ore manifestations Pobuzhsky district Ukrainian Shield.] // Mineral. zh-l, 1994, t. 16, № ¾, s. 48-52 [in Russian].
  7. Zor’kin, M. Subbota, E. Stadnik. Metan v nashey zhizni.[ Methane in our lives]// M. Nedra, 1986, 151 s [in Russian].
  8. Koval’, A Valasis. Istochniki rudogennih elementov v Korsun’-Novomirgorodskom Plutone. [ Sources rudogennyh elements in Korsun- Novomirgorod Pluto.]// Geol. ZH., 1988, № 6. S. 65-71. [in Russian]
  9. Belevtcev. Proishozhdenie i evolyuciya vneshnih geosfer: gazovodnoy atmosferi, kislogo okeana, svobodnogo atmosfernogo kisloroda i vozniknovenie zhizni.[Origin and evolution of external Geospheres : gazovodnoy atmosphere, acidic ocean, free of atmospheric oxygen and the origin of life]//Dopovіdі NANU 2011, № 12, s. 83-90. [in Russian]
  10. Fedoskin. Dve letopisi zhizni: opit sopostavleniya (paleobiologiya i geonalika o rannih etapah evolyucii biosferi. [Two chronicles life experience matching ( Paleobiology and geonalika the early stages of the evolution of the biosphere.] Sb. «Problemi geologii i mineralogii», 2006, Siktivkar, s.331-350[in Russian]
  11. Lukin, V. Zagnitko, O. Lisenko. Biopodobnie strukturi v uglerodistih obrazovaniyah i problema proishozhdeniya zhizni. [Biosimilar structure in carbonaceous formations and the problem of the origin of life.]//Geol.zhurnal, 2001, № 3, s.7-23. [in Russian]
  12. І. Chebanenko, Pro mіsce naftovih vuglevodnіv u zagal’nomu evolyucіynomu ryadu vuglecevovodnevih spoluk u Kosmosі ta na Zemlі: gnoseologіchne doslіdzhennya.[On the place of petroleum hydrocarbons in general evolutionary series vuhletsevovodnevyh compounds in space and on Earth: epistemological study.]//Geol. zhurn. 2001, № 2, s. 10-12. [in Ukrainian]
  13. Ivankin, N. Nazarova. Glubinnaya flyuidizaciya Zemnoy kori i ee rol’ v petrogeneze, sole- i nefteobrazovanii. [Deep fluidization of the Earth’s crust and its role in petrogenesis , salt and oil generation.]2001, Moskva, CNIGRI, 206 s. [in Russian]
  14. Vernadskiy. Vibranі naukovі pracі.[Selected research papers.] 2012, NANU, t.7, kn. 1, naris 5 «Vuglec’ ta zhiva rechovina u Zemnіy korі», s. 427-527. [in Ukrainian]
  15. Gordienko Ukrainskiy schit (geofizika, glubinnie processi) [Ukrainian Shield ( geophysics, deep processes)]: Monogr. / V. Gordienko, I. Gordienko, O. Zavgorodnyaya, S. Kovachikova, I. Logvinov; NAN Ukraini. In-t geofiziki im. S.I.Subbotina. – K., 2005. – 210 c. – Bibliogr.: s. 200-210. [in Russian]
  16. Starostenko. Geotektonika, glubinnoe stroenie i rudnie mestorozhdeniya Kirovogradskogo rudnogo rayona Ukrainskogo schita po geofizicheskim dannim [Geotectonics , deep structure and ore deposits of the Kirovograd ore district of the Ukrainian shield according to geophysical data] / V. Starostenko, O. Gintov // Mіneralogіchniy zhurnal. – 2014. – T. 36, № 2.- S. 27-47. [in Russian]
  17. Hod’kov, M. Vinogradova. Dipol’naya gipoteza i ee sledstviya [Dipole hypothesis and its consequences]//K poznaniyu suschnosti fiziko-himicheskih processov. Cherkassi, ONIITEHIM, 1989. Dep. № 824 hp-89. S.93. [in Russian]